Preventing Hate Speech in Social Media from a Buddhist Ethical Perspective

Abstract

This article aims to study and analyze the phenomenon of hate speech in online media, focusing on its social impacts and preventive measures according to Buddhist ethics. In the digital era, where social media plays an important role in interpersonal communication, hate speech spreads rapidly, causing harm to individuals and groups in society. Expressions of hatred and contempt toward various groups affect both individuals and social groups. The expression of words filled with hatred or insulting others leads to division and conflict, which may escalate into violence, such as the riots in the United Kingdom in July 2024 that originated from incitement in online media with false information. This article begins by explaining the meaning and characteristics of hate speech, along with examples of case studies that have occurred in recent periods, which clearly reflect this phenomenon. It then analyzes Buddhist ethics related to verbal communication by applying the Fourth Precept, which emphasizes abstaining from lying, together with Right Speech, which promotes proper and constructive communication. In addition, it applies the Four Brahmavihāras: loving-kindness, compassion, empathetic joy, and equanimity, to propose guidelines for polite, helpful, and socially beneficial communication. This research uses the methods of Documentary Analysis and Ethical Analysis, referencing contemporary case studies that reflect the problem of using non-constructive language in the digital world. The analysis found that the application of Right Speech, Virtuous Speech, Benevolent Speech, and the Four Brahmavihāras can significantly reduce hate-inciting speech and promote positive communication. It also helps to create an atmosphere of understanding and mutual respect in digital society. The developing practical guidelines for polite communication on online media, campaigns to raise awareness of ethical language use, and the joint roles of the state, society, and educational institutions in supervising and establishing policy mechanisms to support responsible communication. Therefore, this research is valuable as a conceptual framework to promote an online society that is peaceful, sustainable, and respects the human dignity of all parties.