Developing Model-Based Learning Activities Combined with PhET Interactive Simulations to Promote Modeling Skills on Ray Optics for Mathayom Suksa 5 Students

Abstract

The purposes of this research article were 1) to create and evaluate the effectiveness of learning activities based on the 75/75 effectiveness criterion; 2) to study the impact of the learning activities; and 3) to study student satisfaction with the learning activities using model-based learning combined with interactive PhET simulations. The study was conducted using a research and development process. The sample consisted of 40 Mathayom Suksa 5/2 students, second semester, academic year 2024, at Stri Nakhon Sawan School, Nakhon Sawan Province, selected using simple random sampling with the classroom as the sampling unit. The instruments used included lesson plans, an evaluation form for the suitability of the learning activities and lesson plans, a modeling skills test on Ray Optics, and a questionnaire on student satisfaction with the learning activities. The statistics used for data analysis included mean, standard deviation, efficiency values E1/E2, and independent t-tests. The research findings revealed that 1) the overall learning activities were highly appropriate and had an efficiency of 76.56/77.60, meeting the established efficiency criteria; 2) students' post-test modeling skills were significantly higher than their pre-test skills and exceeded the 75% criterion at the .01 statistical significance level; 3) students showed the highest level of satisfaction with the learning activities using model-based learning combined with PhET interactive simulations.