Buddha Dhamma and Self-Development in the 21st Century

Abstract

This academic article aimed to explain Buddha Dhamma and self-development in the 21st century. The study found that all individuals can apply Buddhist teachings to facilitate personal development by practicing and developing oneself from an ordinary person into a high-potential, quality individual filled with virtue - capable of being both skilled and good at the same time. Self-development according to Buddha Dhamma was a continuous, step-by-step process that ultimately led to the reduction of defilements and the attainment of liberation. Complete self-development according to Buddha Dhamma required balanced development both internally and externally, relying on Bhavana 4, namely 1) Kayabhavana was to develop the physical body and external behavior to be appropriate, with a stable, strong personality and discipline; 2) Silabhavana was to develop correct conduct in body and speech, being honest and trustworthy; 3) Cittabhavana was to develop a mind steadfast in goodness, peaceful, refreshed, and joyful; and 4) Panyabhavana was to develop wisdom to consider and discern things according to reality. Knowing what was beneficial and what was not was crucial. Buddhist self-development aimed at three life goals, namely 1) Dhitthadhammikattha referred to benefits that were clearly visible in the present life, such as life stability and living a suitable life; 2) Samparayikattha referred to future benefits arising from maintaining good conduct, taking pride in one's life, and achieving progress in one's career; ; and 3) Paramattha referred to the highest ideals of life, which included accessing the truth of reality, liberation from desires, and achieving mental freedom from all bondage. Therefore, Buddhist principles provided a crucial guideline for developing human potential to achieve completeness in physical, mental, and intellectual aspects. These principles can be applied for self-development and living a meaningful life in 21st-century society.