Digital Organization Factors Affecting Government 4.0 Development of the Office of the Permanent Secretary for Defence

Abstract

This research aimed to 1) study the level of digital organization factors of the Office of the Permanent Secretary for Defence, 2) study the level of Government 4.0 development, 3) examine the prediction equation of digital organization factors affecting Government 4.0 development, and 4) study an appropriate model of digital organization factors for Government 4.0 development of the Office of the Permanent Secretary for Defence. The study employed a mixed-methods design. For the quantitative phase, data were collected through a questionnaire from a sample of 362 participants and analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and multiple regression analysis with stepwise variable selection. For the qualitative phase, structured interviews were conducted with 29 key informants. The results revealed the following: 1) The overall level of digital organization factors was high, with digital personnel having the highest mean. 2) The overall level of Government 4.0 development was high, with the high-performance and modern capability dimension having the highest mean. 3) Six digital organization factors jointly predicted Government 4.0 development at 95.70 percent with statistical significance (R² = .957, F = 1328.687, Sig < .001). Ranked by standardized regression coefficients, these factors were digital services and collaboration, digital technology, digital organizational culture, digital work processes, digital personnel, and digital leadership, whereas digital organizational structure, digital strategy, and digital information systems were not selected into the equation. 4) The appropriate model of digital organization factors comprised 13 factors: digital leadership, digital personnel, digital organizational structure, digital technology, digital organizational culture, digital strategy, digital work processes, digital information systems, digital services and collaboration, digital innovation, digital partnership networks, digital governance, and digital change management. These factors affect all four dimensions of Government 4.0 development: open and connected government, citizen-centric government, high-performance and modern capability, and data- and artificial intelligence-driven operations under good governance.