การเปลี่ยนแปลงที่กำลังดำเนินอยู่ กรณีศึกษา การเปลี่ยนแปลงของเสียงพยัญชนะกับสระบางเสียงในภาษาไทดำ

Abstract

This paper aimed to analyze the variation of the phonological changing trends of the consonants in Tai Dam ethnic group, Ban Na Pa-Hnat village, Khao Kaew sub-district, Chiangkhan district, Loei. The researcher examined the possible factors which influence the Old Tai Dam consonants and vowels variation. The focuses will be on the external social factors, which are the language contact both from Standard Thai and Lao (Loei / Vientiane / Luang Phabang) and age. The age of Tai Dam informants can be considered as the factors which induce the phonological variation and change. The age groups in this study were divided into 3 group : old age, middle-age, and young age. The results revealed that, the external factor in language contact from loanword of standard Thai and Lao into Tai Dam’s sound is considered as the most significant factor. The consonants and vowels varied according to age-group, the sound changes in progress were considered by the younger age-group only, and the younger age-group were influenced by standard Thai which correspondence with words in Tai dam, unlike the older age group who were influenced by Lao. Only one case of vowel variation, concerning the variant of the diphthong is hypothesized to be induced by an internal factor i.e. vowel simplification. This variation is found only in the younger age group.