DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES FOR LEADERSHIP QUALITIES IN CHANGE MANAGEMENT ACCORDING TO THE 21STCENTURY SKILLS FRAMEWORK TO ENHANCE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS UNDER THE JURISDICTION OF THE KHLONG SAN DISTRICT OFFICE, BANGKOK

Abstract

The study has the following objectives: (1) to study the current and desired state of transformational leadership based on 21st-century skills to enhance the effectiveness of educational institutions under the Khlong San District Office, Bangkok, and (2) to propose guidelines for developing transformational leadership based on 21st-century skills to enhance the effectiveness of these institutions. The research findings indicate that: The current state of transformational leadership based on 21st-century skills to enhance the effectiveness of educational institutions under the Khlong San District Office, Bangkok, is at a moderate level overall. However, the desired state of transformational leadership is at a high level overall. The essential needs for transformational leadership among school administrators include: Inspirational motivation (PNI_modified = 0.417), which is considered a significant weakness. Idealized influence (PNI_modified = 0.354), also identified as a significant weakness. Individualized consideration (PNI_modified = 0.295), another notable weakness. Regarding 21st-century skills: Organizational management skills (PNI_modified = 0.476) are identified as a significant weakness. Interpersonal skills (PNI_modified = 0.345) are recognized as a notable weakness. Communication skills (PNI_modified = 0.315) are identified as another significant weakness. Based on the data analysis, three primary and seven secondary development guidelines for transformational leadership based on 21st-century skills to enhance the effectiveness of educational institutions were established as follows.