LEE KONITZ AND THEMATIC IMPROVISATION ON STELLA BY STARLIGHT
Abstract
The research presented herein is Lee Konitz and Thematic Improvisation on Stella by Starlight, concentrating on areas of comparative analysis between original theme and Lee Konitz's thematic improvisation. Furthermore, an analysis of the research involves with improvisation, scales and harmony.
The research shows that, Lee Konitz's improvisation consists of three choruses in total which has twenty-two phrases. Phrasing of improvisation is divided by Konitz's breath. There are four stages of Konitz's improvisation-one time of interpretation, six times of embellishments, nine times of variations, and six times of improvisations. Moreover, his thematic improvisation bases on scales that usually lead to target notes, original melody and chord tone, including chromatic notes. That's why the musical sound of some phrases are similar to Bebop. Furthermore, his improvisation represents harmonic progressions by using arpeggios and implying original melody in them. Some his harmonic progressions, however, also use of substitute chords.
References
2. ณัชชา พันธุ์เจริญ. พจนานุกรมศัพท์ดุริยางค์ศิลป์. พิมพ์ครั้งที่ 3. กรุงเทพมหานคร: สำนักพิมพ์เกศกะรัต, 2552.
3. เด่น อยู่ประเสริฐ. “โครงสร้างของดนตรีแจ๊ส (Jazz Structure).” วารสารดนตรีรังสิต 5 (มกราคม 2553): 31-42.
4. ________. เอกสารประกอบการสอน เรื่องการประพันธ์ดนตรีแจ๊ส (Jazz Composition). ปทุมธานี: สำนักพิมพ์มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต, 2553.
5. ธีรัช เลาห์วีระพานิช. “การอิมโพรไวส์เบื้องต้น: ความสำคัญของทางเดินเบสในการอิมโพรไวส์.” วารสารดนตรี รังสิต 3 (กรกฎาคม 2551): 37-43.
6. Berliner, Paul F. Thinking in Jazz: The Infinite Art of Improvisation. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1994.
7. Emerzian, Jimmy Jared. “Saxophonist Mark Turner’s Stylistic Assimilation of Warne Marsh and Tristano School.” MM thesis, California State University, 2008.
8. Frohne, Michael. “Themes by Tristano” Accessed July 15, 2013. http://chnani.perso.neuf.fr/ejma/ images/STANDTristano.HTM.
9. Gridley, Mark C. Jazz Styles: History & Analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2000.
10. Hamilton, Andy, ed. Lee Konitz: Conversation on the Improviser’s Art. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 2011.
11. Harrison, Max and Michael James. “Controversialee.” The Jazz Review 3 (July 1960): 10-12.
12. Hartman, Charles O. Jazz Text: Voice and Improvisation in Poetry, Jazz, and Song. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991.
13. Hauff, Timothy A. “A Comparative Analysis of Styles and Performance Practices for Three Jazz Bassists in the Composition Stella By Starlight.” MA thesis, San Jose State University, 1990.
14. Jackson, Grant. “Lee Konitz On Piano Jazz.” Accessed August 20, 2013. http://www.npr.org/ 2013/08/16/ 212662524/lee-konitz-on-piano- jazz?ft=1&f=10002.
15. Kastin, David. “Lee Konitz: Back to Basics.” Accessed June 15, 2013. http://www.melmartin.com/ html_pages/Interviews/konitz.html.
16. ________. “Lee Konitz Back to Basics.” Downbeat, December 1985, 16-19.
17. Kenselaar, Bob. “Lee Konitz: What True Improvising Is.” Accessed August 15, 2013. http:// www.allaboutjazz.com/php/article.php?id=43128.
18. Kernfeld, Barry, ed. The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz. New York: Macmillan Publishers Limited, 2002.
19. Konitz, Lee, and Marian McPartland. “Marian McPartland’s Piano Jazz, Season 18, no. 7.” n.p.: Jazz Alliance, 1995. (CD-ROM)
20. Konitz, Lee. “Lee Konitz with Dan Tepfer: Talking and Playing.” New York: Fawi, Inc., 2010 (DVD-ROM)
21. ________. “Portrait of an Artist as Saxophonist.” Canada: Rhapsody Films, Inc., 2005. (DVD-ROM)
22. Levine, Mark. The Jazz Theory Book. Petaluma, California: Sher Music, 1995.
23. Marsh, Warne. “A Conversation with Robert Ronzello.” Saxophone Journal 9 (May 1982): 10-19.
24. Martin, Henry. Charlie Parker and Thematic Improvisation. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, Inc., 2001.
25. McElrath, K. J. “Stella by Starlight.” Accessed August 10, 2013. http://www.jazzstandards.com/compositions -0/stellabystarlight.htm.
26. Pekar, Harvey. “Lennie Tristano has been One of the Real Originals in Jazz.” The Jazz Review 3 (July 1960): 13-14.
27. Porter, Lewis, Micheal Ullman, and Edward Hazell. Jazz: From Its Origins to the Present. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1993.
28. Rawlins, Robert, and Nor Eddine Bahha. Jazzology: The Encyclopedia of Jazz Theory for All Musicians. Milwaukee: Hal Leonard Corporation, 2005.
29. Reeves, Scott D. Creative Jazz Improvisation. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2007.
30. Ross, David S. “Improved: Changing Thoughts About Learning.” PhD diss., McGill University, 2010.
31. Seguin, Marc-Andre. “Lee Konitz: Legendary Saxophonist Shares his Jazz Improvisation Secrets (10 gradients or 10-step method).” Accessed July 26, 2013. http://www.jazzguitarlessons.net/leekonitz.html.
32. Shim, Eunmi. Lennie Tristano: His Life in Music. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 2010.
33. Tesser, Neil. “Lee Konitz Searches for the Perfect Solo.” Downbeat, January 1980: 16-69.
34. Tristano, Lennie. “Master in the Making.” Metronome 68 (August 1949): 14-33.
35. Weick, Karl E. “Introductory Essay: Improvisation as a Mindset for Organizational Analysis.” Organization Science 9 (September-October, 1998): 543-555.
36. Zack, Michael H. “Jazz Improvisation and Organizing: Once More from the Top.” Organization Science 11 (March-April, 2000): 227-234.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
กองบรรณาธิการฯ สงวนสิทธิ์ในการพิจารณาและตอบรับการตีพิมพ์ ความรับผิดชอบใดๆ เกี่ยวกับเนื้อหาและความคิดเห็นในบทความเป็นของผู้เขียนต่อบทความนั้นๆ กองบรรณาธิการฯ ไม่ต้องรับผิดชอบ
