The factors influencing the employment of migrant workers in the hotel industry in Phuket Province

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the employment of migrant workers in the hotel industry in Phuket Province. A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing in-depth interviews with migrant workers from Myanmar, Laos, and Cambodia who are currently working in hotels in Phuket. The sample was selected through purposive sampling, and the data was analyzed using content analysis and coding to categorize key factors affecting employment.
The findings revealed that four main factors influence the employment of migrant workers:
1) Economic Factors – Migrant workers are hired due to their lower labor costs compared to Thai workers, and the hotel industry has a high demand for workers, particularly in labor-intensive positions. 2)Social Factors – Migrant workers face cultural differences, language barriers, and limited career advancement opportunities, despite their ability to adapt effectively. 3) Legal and Policy Factors – The process of obtaining work permits is complex and time-consuming, leading some workers to enter the labor market illegally. 4) Quality of Life Factors – Migrant workers still experience challenges related to welfare benefits, long working hours, and restricted career advancement opportunities.
Based on these findings, it is recommended that hotel operators enhance welfare benefits and career development opportunities for migrant workers, while government policies should be revised to be more flexible and fair to align with the labor demands in the hotel industry. This study provides valuable insights into developing sustainable and appropriate policies for managing migrant labor in Thailand’s hotel industry.