RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN BODY-ESTEEM, SELF-CONCEPT CLARITY AND SELF-PRESENTATION THROUGH AVATARS IN THE METAVERSE OF COUNSELING AND GUIDANCE PSYCHOLOGY STUDENTS, VALAYA ALONGKORN RAJABHAT UNIVERSITY UNDER THE ROYAL PATRONGE

Main Article Content

Vipaporn Tantasawat

Abstract

The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the level of self-presentation through avatars in the metaverse, and 2) to study the relationship between body-esteem, self-concept clarity, and self-presentation through avatars in the metaverse. The population were 28 third-year students in the field of Counseling and Guidance Psychology of Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University under the Royal Patronage. The research instruments consisted of the body-esteem scale, the self-concept clarity scale, and self-presentation through avatars in metaverse scale. The statistics used for data analysis were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient (r) to determine the statistical significance at the 0.05 level. The results found that: 1) student’s self-presentation through avatars in metaverse in terms of ideal self (  = 38.78, S.D. = 5.26) and multiple selves (  = 24.67, S.D. = 3.69) were at a high level. 2) Sex was significantly associated with ideal self (r = .467) and multiple selves (r = .452). 3) Body-esteem were positively correlated with consistent self (r = .378) while negatively correlated with online presentation preference (r = -.483), and ideal self (r = -.314) significantly. 4) Self-concept clarity was positively correlated with consistent self (r = .418) while negatively correlated with ideal self (r = -.340), online presentation preference (r = -.303), and multiple selves (r = -.053) respectively.

Article Details

Section
บทความวิจัย

References

Al-Saggaf, Y. & Nielsen, S. (2014). Self-disclosure on Facebook among female users and its relationship to feelings of loneliness. Comput. Hum. Behav. 36, 460–468. [Online], Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.014. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม).

Back, M. D., Schmukle, S. C. & Egloff, B. (2010). Why are narcissists so charming at first sight? Decoding the narcissism–popularity link at zero acquaintance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 98(1), 132-145. [Online], Available: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016338. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม).

Bailenson, J. N. & Blascovich, J. (2004). Avatars. Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction, Berkshire Publishing Group, 64-68. [Online], Available: https://www.stanfordvr.com/mm/2004/bailenson-avatars.pdf. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม).

Bilsker, D., Schiedel, D. & Marcia, J. E. (1988). Sex differences in identity status. Sex Roles. 18(3-4), 231-236. [Online], Available: https://doi.ort/10.1007/BF00287792.

(2565, 17 ตุลาคม).

Biocca, F. (1997). The cyborg's dilemma: Progressive embodiment in virtual environments. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication. 3(2). [Online], Available: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.1997.tb00070.x. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม)

Bissell, K. L. (2004). Sports model/ sports mind: the relationship between entertainment and sports media exposure, sports participation, and body image distortion in division female athletes. Mass Communication & Society. 7, 453-473.

Campbell, J. D. et al. (1996). Self-concept clarity: Measurement, personality correlates, and cultural boundaries. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 70(1), 141-156.

Campbell, F. K. (2008). Exploring internalised Ableism using critical race theory. Disability & Society. 23(2), 151-162. [Online], Available: https://doi.org/10.1080/

(2565, 17 ตุลาคม).

Deaux, K. & Major, B. (1987). Putting gender into context: An interactive model of gender-related behavior. Psychological Review. 94(3), 369-389. [Online], Available:

https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.94.3.369. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม)

Dunn, R. A. & Guadagno, R. E. (2012). My avatar and me Gender and personality predictors of avatar-self discrepancy. Computers in Human Behavior. 28(1), 97-106.

Ellison, N. B., Heino, R. D., & Gibbs, J. L. (2006). Managing impressionsonline: Self-presentation pro-

cesses in the online dating environment. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 11(2).

Ellison, N. B., Heino, R. D., & Gibbs, J. L. (2006). Managing impressionsonline: Self-presentation pro-

cesses in the online dating environment. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 11(2).

Ellison, N., Heino, R., & Gibbs, J. (2006). Managing Impressions Online: Self-Presentation Processes in the Online Dating Environment. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication. 11(2), 415–441. [Online], Available:

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.00020.x. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม).

Fullwood C. (2015). The role of personality in online selfpresentation. Oxford: Oxford University.

Fullwood C., James B.M. & Chen-Wilson C.J. (2016). Self-concept clarity and online self-presentation in adolescents. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. 19, 716–720.

Guy J. G. & Anita G. D. (2008). The First-Person Effect and Its Behavioral Consequences: A New Trend in the Twenty-Five Year History of Third-Person Effect Research. Mass Comm. & Socity. 11(4), 539-540. [Online], Available:

https//doi.org/10.1080/15205430802368621. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม).

Hui, V. et al. (2021). Applications of Extended Reality Technologies within Design Pedagogy: A Case Study in Architectural Science. International Journal of Digital Society (IJDS). 12(2). [Online], Available: https://infonomics-society.org/wp-content/

uploads/Applications-of-Extended-Reality-Technologies-within-Design-Pedagogy.pdf. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม)

Inal, Y. & Cagiltay, K. (2006). Avatars as pedagogical agents for digital gamebased learning. Paper presented at the Society for Information Technology and Teacher Education International Conference 2006, Orlando, Florida, USA.

Kromand, D. (2007). Avatar Categorization. In Situated Play. Proceedings of DiGRA 2007 Conference. University of Tokyo. (400–406).

Leaper, C. & Friedman, C. K. (2007). The Socialization of Gender. In Grusec J. E. &. Hastings

P. D. (Eds.). Handbook of socialization: Theory and research. (pp. 561–587). The Guilford.

Loewen, M., Burris, C. & Nacke, L. (2021). Me, Myself, and Not-I: Self-Discrepancy Type Predicts Avatar Creation Style. Frontiers in Psychology, section Human-Media Interaction. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01902

Magnuson, M.J. and Dundes, L. (2008) Gender Differences in “Social Portraits” Reflected in MySpace Profiles. Cyber Psychology & Behavior. 11, 239-241. [Online], Available:

https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2007.0089. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม)

Manago A.M. et al. (2008) Self-presentation and gender on Myspace. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology. 29(6), 446-458.

Mendelson, B. K., Mendelson, M. J. & White, D.R. (2001). Body-esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults. Journal Personality Assessment. 76, 90-106.

Neustaedter C. & Fedorovskaya E. (2009). Presenting identity in a virtual world through avatar appearances. In Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2009, 183–190. [Online], Available: https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1555880.1555921. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม).

Pringle, M. (2015). Conjuring the ideal self: An investigation of self-presentation in video game avatars. Press Start. 2(1), 1-20. https://press-start.gla.ac.uk/index.php/press-start/article/view/29. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม).

Schlenker, B. R. (2003). Self-presentation. In M. R. Leary & J. P. Tangney (Eds.). Handbook of self and identity. (pp. 492–518). The Guilford.

Strimbu & O’Connell (2019). The relationship between self-concept and online self-presentation in adults Cyberpsychology. Behavior and Social Networking. 22(12), 804-807. [Online], Available: https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2019.0328. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม)

Thomas, A. G. & Johansen, M. K. (2012). Inside out: Avatars as an indirect measure of ideal body self-presentation in females. Cyberpsychology. Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace. 6(3).

Tiggemann, M. & Slater, A. (2014). The Internet and body image concerns in preteenage girls. J. Early Adolesc. 34, 606–620. [Online], Available: https://doi.org/10.1177/

(2565, 17 ตุลาคม)

Trepte, S. & Reinecke, L. (2010). Avatar creation and video game enjoyment: Effects of life-satisfaction, game competitiveness, and identification with the avatar. Journal of Media Psychology: Theories, Methods, and Applications. 22(4), 171–184. [Online], Available: https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000022. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม)

Valkenburg P. I., Schouten A. P. & Peter, J. (2005). Adolescents’ identity experiments on the internet. New Media and Society. 7(3): 383-402.

Weber, S. & Mitchell, C. (2008). Imagining, keyboarding, and posting identities: Young people and NewMedia technologies. (5th ed.). Cambridge: The MIT.

Yang, C. C. & Brown, B. B. (2016). Online self-presentation on Facebook and self development during the college transition. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 45(2), 402-416. [Online], Available: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-015-0385-y. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม).

Yee, N. & Bailenson, J. (2007). The Proteus Effect: The effect of transformed self-representation on behavior. Human Communication Research. 33(3) 271-290. [Online], Available: https://stanford.edu/~bailenso/papers/proteus%20effect.pdf. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม).

Zinovyeva, E. V., Kazantseva, T. V. & Nikonova, A. N. (2016) Self-esteem and loneliness in Russian adolescents with body dissatisfaction. Procedia-Soc. Behav. Sci. 233, 367–371. [Online], Available: https//doi.or/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.10.160. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม)

Zimmermann, D., Wehler, A. & Kaspar, K. (2022). Self-representation through avatars in digital environments. Current Psychology. [Online], Available: https://doi.org/10.1007/

s12144-022-03232-6. (2565, 17 ตุลาคม)