The Guidelines for Developing Morale on Working Performances of Teachers under Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 2

Abstract

This study aimed (1) to examine the current conditions, desired conditions, and essential needs related to work morale and motivation among teachers under the Office of Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area 2, and (2) to investigate guidelines for developing and enhancing teachers’ work morale and motivation. The research employed a mixed methods design. The sample consisted of 320 teachers under the Office of Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area 2 in the 2025 academic year, determined using the sample size estimation table of Krejcie and Morgan (1970). The sampling process involved consulting the Krejcie and Morgan table and applying stratified sampling together with simple random sampling. Research instruments included a 5-point rating scale questionnaire with a dual-response format, a semi-structured interview, and a suitability and feasibility assessment form. The Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) ranged from 0.80 to 1.00, the discrimination index ranged from 0.76 to 0.89, and the overall reliability was 0.89. Data were analyzed using percentages, means, and standard deviations. The Modified Priority Needs Index (PNI Modified) was employed to prioritize essential needs, and content analysis was used for qualitative data.                 

Keywords: Guidelines, Morale on Working Performances, Current State, Desired State