THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SLEEP QUALITY PROMOTION MODEL BY EXERCISE AMONG WORKING-AGE PEOPLE WITH INSOMNIA IN BANGKOK METROPOLIS

Abstract

This research and development (R&D) aimed to develop a sleep quality promotion model through exercise, applying the Protection Motivation Theory for working-age people with insomnia in Bangkok. A mixed-methods research and development design was employed, conducted in three phases. Phase 1 studied the situation and factors: the quantitative component studied a sample of 406 participants using questionnaires, while the qualitative component utilized focus groups with 8 fitness trainers as key informants using focus group observation records. Phase 2 developed the model by piloting the draft model with two small groups totaling 8 participants, using feedback records, and refining it to obtain a model combined with theory-based motivational activities validated by experts. Phase 3 tested the effectiveness using a quasi-experimental design with an experimental group and a comparison group, 35 participants each, over 12 weeks. Instruments were questionnaires and records assessing perceived health threat, insomnia coping skills, exercise behaviors, and sleep quality pre- and post-test. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics,
t-test, and ANCOVA with baseline perceptions as a covariate. The results showed that after the experiment, the experimental group had significantly higher perceived health threat, insomnia coping skills, and exercise behaviors than before the experiment and the comparison group. The sleep quality score decreased from 7.83 to 3.54, reflecting a distinct improvement in sleep quality. ANCOVA confirmed that the model was significantly effective in promoting sleep quality. This model should be adapted for diverse populations to promote sustainable sleep wellness.