Similarities and Differences in the Explanation the Class according to The Law code of Manu of Brahmanism and the Sutta in the Tripitaka of Buddhism

Abstract

              Ancient Indian society was a land of intellectual and religious diversity. Two major religions that persist today are Brahmanism and Buddhism. Both share religious teachings and scriptures: the Law code of Manu of Brahmanism and the Sutras in the Tripitaka. This article aims to analyze the “similarities” and “differences” in the social structure and definition of "class" between Hinduism (through the Law code of Manu) and Buddhism (through the Sutras in the Tripitaka). The goal is to highlight the influence of religious beliefs on the social organization of ancient India, the existence of the caste system as a real social structure, with a clear division of responsibilities based on what is called "Dharma" according to social status, in order to maintain social order. The study finds that the origins of these systems are almost identical, characterized by supernatural narratives, particularly regarding the four castes and their differing origins. This led to attempts to create a stable political society through a sacred caste system, as well as another concept emphasizing "ethics."