THE ROLE OF MONKS IN SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ACCORDING TO BUDDHIST SOCIAL WELFARE PRINCIPLES

Abstract

This academic article aims to examine the role of Buddhist monks in social development based on the principles of Buddhist social welfare, through a study of relevant concepts, books, textbooks, and synthesized literature. The findings indicate that the roles of monks in social development cover various dimensions, including: 1. temples as community centers, 2. promotion of the local economy, 3. preservation and transmission of local culture, 4. improvement of community quality of life, and 5. establishment of collaborative networks between temples and related organizations. The development of monks and temple personnel with appropriate knowledge and skills in conveying Buddhist teachings is therefore a key strategy for strengthening both Buddhism and local communities. When monks possess competencies that correspond to contemporary social contexts, they can effectively serve as spiritual leaders and sources of intellectual support for the public. In addition, the development of temple personnel, including stewards, temple committee members, and volunteers, to enhance their understanding of Buddhist principles and their ability to work collaboratively with communities, constitutes an important supporting factor in expanding the reach of Buddhist activities. This contributes to broader public engagement and participation. Furthermore, public welfare activities or social assistance represent a significant aspect of monks’ social roles. These activities include individual assistance and community-based welfare, with temples and monks serving as core leaders. Such activities aim to promote public benefit for individuals, groups, or organizations within the scope of social welfare. They are conducted in accordance with Buddhist discipline and encompass both material and spiritual support in various forms that do not contradict the principles of the Vinaya.