Examination Fraud in the Pali Central Examination: Management, Punishment, Comparative Impacts

Abstract

          This article aims to examine the phenomenon of cheating in the Pali examination system of Thailand, which serves as the central testing mechanism for the study of the Pariyatti Dhamma within the Thai monastic community. The study employs a document-based and research-oriented approach to analyze the characteristics of cheating, the existing management measures, and sanctions, while also evaluating the comparative impacts at individual, institutional, and societal levels. Findings indicate that malpractice takes various forms, such as impersonation during exams, the use of technology to cheat, and collusion with examination staff. Although relevant authorities have established preventive measures and penalties, there remains a lack of good governance and sustainable systemic participation. The article introduces new knowledge in the form of alternative management approaches for the Pali examination, emphasizing multi-dimensional assessment methods, the decentralization of examination responsibilities in cooperation with local monastic schools, and the application of technology to ensure transparency throughout the testing process. Additionally, it proposes the concept of “Dhamma-based education,” which prioritizes morality (sīla), concentration (samādhi), and wisdom (paññā) as essential criteria for authentically identifying individuals with genuine knowledge of the Dhamma. Finally, the article presents policy recommendations that encompass technical, ethical, and structural aspects, aiming to foster a transparent and just Pali examination system aligned with the core principles of Buddhism.