The John Locke's Ethical Analysis of Human Rights

Abstract

                This research article has 3 objectives: (1) to study human rights in John Locke's perspective, (2) to study ethics in humans, and (3) to study the John Locke's ethical analysis of human rights. The research methodology is document research, studying documents and related research, analyzing and presenting data in the form of descriptive analysis. The research results found that John Locke's concept of human rights and freedom focuses on the socio-political approach and is applied in daily life. Rights are therefore in accordance with nature and law, which appear in expressions of legitimate rights demands or violations by state organizations. Rights, freedom, fraternity, seeking happiness and resisting oppression exist in the consciousness of people all over the world. Ethics is a science about human behavior that is a habit. It studies and finds answers to these 3 issues: (1) ideals or the highest goal of life, (2) the value of human actions, and (3) criteria for judging the value of human actions. Buddhist ethics is a religious ethics, divided into three types: (1) basic Buddhist ethics, namely the five precepts, (2) intermediate Buddhist ethics, namely the Kusala-kammapatha, and (3) high-level Buddhist ethics, namely the Noble Eight-fold Path, the path to the cessation of suffering. The knowledge gained from the research on John Locke's human rights model according to IVJ ethics is (1) Ideals, the highest ideals or goals of life, namely, believing in God, believing in the law. Adhere to the democratic political philosophy (2) Value, the value of human actions, namely human dignity and basic human rights principles, and (3) Judging Criteria, the criteria for judging the value of human actions, namely the law of heaven, the law of the people, and the law of universality.