The Concepts and Processes of Dharma-Principles Medical Food as an Alternative Food System for the Promotion of Holistic Well-being and Food Security

Abstract

         This research article aims to explore the conceptual structure and dynamic processes of Buddhist Dhamma Medicine food practices as an alternative food system that promotes holistic well-being and food security. The study employs a qualitative research methodology, integrating documentary research with in-depth interviews. A total of 29 key informants were purposively selected, comprising three groups: 1) Buddhist Dhamma Medicine volunteers from four regions of Thailand and Australia, 2) scholars in Buddhist Dhamma Medicine and nutrition, and 3) patients who apply the Buddhist Dhamma Medicine approach in their health practices. Data were analyzed using content analysis to synthesize conceptual explanations. The findings reveal that Buddhist Dhamma Medicine food can be conceptualized as a “transformative alternative food system” consisting of four interrelated dimensions: Production, Consumption, Transformation, and Community. These dimensions operate dynamically through interconnected relationships and continuous feedback mechanisms. The Production dimension is grounded in self-reliant, chemical-free agriculture; the Consumption dimension emphasizes mindful eating and the cultivation of bodily–mental balance; the Transformation dimension reflects the role of food as a mechanism for life transformation across physical, mental, and spiritual aspects; and the Community dimension functions as a learning platform that expands the system toward social-level food security. A key finding indicates that food should not be understood merely as a material resource, but as a “relational system” that interconnects human beings, nature, and inner consciousness in an integrated manner. This perspective is consistent with Buddhist principles of conditionality and balance. Theoretically, this study extends the framework of alternative food systems by incorporating psychological and spiritual dimensions, leading to the proposal of a “transformative alternative food system.” This conceptual contribution offers significant implications for advancing knowledge in holistic well-being and sustainable food security.