Religion and Emotion: A Technique on Emotional Management According to the Principle of Buddhism

Abstract

          The objectives of this research are: 1) to study the concept of emotions in Buddhist scriptures; 2) to analyze emotional management within Buddhist scriptures 3) to propose emotional management techniques based on Buddhist principles, utilizing a qualitative methodology involving documentary research and in-depth interviews. The findings are as follows: 1. Emotions in Buddhism are explained through internal mental states known as Cetasika (mental factors) and their behavioral manifestations. Emphasis is placed on the principles of Hiri (moral shame) and Ottappa (moral dread) as "world-protecting" moral emotions (Lokapala-dhamma), as well as forgiveness, which serves as a fundamental pillar for social coexistence and psychological healing. 2. Regarding the analysis of emotional management, Buddhism focuses on managing individual feelings through the lens of "tears," which reflect remorse and grief from the loss of loved ones. Socially, it emphasizes the application of Brahmavihara (the four sublime states) to suppress resentment and foster reconciliation. Furthermore, social symbols and rituals are employed to cultivate mindfulness and provide psychological solace. 3. Techniques for emotional management comprise: 1) Individual Reasoning Techniques, involving a cognitive shift from Avijja (ignorance) to Samma-ditthi (right view), transforming one's status from a passive victim of circumstances to an intentional agent with self-reflective mindfulness; 2) Adaptive Techniques through the acceptance of reality according to the Three Marks of Existence (Tilakkhana); and 3) Universal Reasoning Techniques through the process of Deep Listening or Dialogue, creating a space for non-judgmental listening without preconceived assumptions. These lead to development according to the Threefold Training (Tisikkha) and Bhavana (cultivation) across cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dimensions for sustainable peace.