Best Practices of Higher Education Institutions for Integrity and Transparency Assessment (ITA) in the Operations of Government Agencies

Abstract

This research article aimed to study the best practices of higher education institutions for assessing integrity and transparency in the operations of government agencies, namely 1) the perception of internal stakeholder aspect; 2) the perception of external stakeholder aspect; and 3) the disclosure of public information aspect. The research instrument was a semi-structured interview form by collecting data through in-depth interviews with executives and related personnel of 5 higher education institutions with the best practices. The research results found that the best practices of higher education institutions were as follows: 1) in terms of the perception of internal stakeholder, it consisted of (1) there should be an analysis of the evaluation results, (2) there should be determining development guidelines in the issues of personnel having a sense of duty, budget participation, fair personnel management, setting clear guidelines for the use of assets, taking disciplinary action against corrupt or misconducting individuals, effective internal communication, and promotional activities/projects, (3) there should be reviewing policies/measures continuously, and (4) executives must give importance; 2) in the aspect of the perception of external stakeholder, it consisted of (1) there should be an analysis of the evaluation results, (2) development guidelines should be set in the following areas: dissemination of operational and service information, participation from service recipients, use of technology, having a service tracking system, assessing satisfaction, effective communication with service recipients, and promotional activities/projects, (3) continuous review of policies/measures, and (4) executives must give importance; and 3) public information disclosure aspect included (1) there should be an analysis of the evaluation results, (2) development guidelines should be set in the following areas: clear assignment of responsible persons, understanding of criteria, explaining responsible persons, collecting information from responsible persons, use of information technology systems, supporting information infrastructure, and promotional activities/projects, (3) continuous review of policies/measures, and (4) executives must give importance.