THE INTERPRETATION OF BUDDHIST ICONICS AS FOUND IN LANNA CETIYAS

Abstract

The objectives of this research were: 1) explore the Lanna's Cetiya construction history, 2) examine the architecture and methods that were used to build Cetiyas, and 3) analyze the Buddha's teachings and fundamental ideas from the symbols found in Lanna Cetiyas. Field data from interviews and a documentary research methodology were used to perform this study. 

The results of this research found that: Demonstrated how the pagodas of Lanna developed from ancient Indian art and how they were influenced by the kingdoms of Dvaravati, Srivijaya, Bagan, and Sri Lanka. The construction of the Cetiya may be divided into four distinct periods, the first of which endures the period of passing down Bagan and Haripunchai art. Sukhothai Art represents a significant impact on the second period of art. The fine arts were in their glory during the third period. The Lanna Kingdom's fourth era was marked by the decline of its artistic legacy. Cetiyas have been divided into three styles based on their architectural components and shapes: (1) the top-shaped cetiya; (2) the bell-shaped cetiya; and (3) the special-shaped cetiya. The construction of a pagoda is divided into three phases: (1) the auspicious brick-laying ritual; (2) the containing of the Buddha's relics; and (3) the containing of the amulet in the bell neck of the pagoda. The researcher employed two approaches: (1) a reader-centered interpretation that relied on symbolic interpretations based on Cetiya principles; and (2) a scripture-centered interpretation that did so by implementing the guidelines for deciphering the symbols that can be seen beneath the base of the pagoda. The values found in symbols remain: (1) aesthetic value; (2) story value; (3) cultural value; and (4) mental value.