Ayutthaya in Rattanakosin Era From the Reign of King Rama I to King Rama V: A Documentary Research on Literature and Official Documents

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Nichapa Thichakornsakul

Abstract

          Ayutthaya was the capital of Siam for over four hundred years before it fell to Burma in 1767 and was left forlorn for several decades. Throughout the reigns of King Rama I and King Rama III, only a few  temples in Ayutthaya were restored for merit-making purposes, such as Wat Suwandararam, Wat Salapoon, and Wat Na Phra Meru. Besides, in the reign of King Rama I Ayutthaya was demolished as bricks from the ruined site were brought down to Bangkok, where they were incorporated into the new capital. Obviously, the kings in early Rattanakosin period were engaged in the establishment of a new capital and the Thai nobles perceived it a ruined city. It was not until the reign of King Rama IV that Ayutthaya restoration was undertaken, beginning with Wat Chumphonnikayaram, Wat Senasanaram, Chandrakasem Palace, and Narai Palace. The main reason is western colonialism; the king wanted to portray Siam as a country of long history and prosperity through the splendors of Ayutthaya. Also, it was likely that he tried to relate Chakri dynasty to Ayutthaya since most of the temples and palaces restored in his reign belonged to Prasat Thong dynasty in late Ayutthaya.       Ayutthaya has been restored several times ever since, and has been regarded as an old capital and the root of Thai civilization.

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