Cosmology: Buddhist Philosophy in Nirat Phu Khao Thong

Abstract

This research article aims to study cosmological concepts in the Buddhist dimension as reflected in Nirat Phu Khao Thong, a poem composed by Sunthorn Phu during the reign of King Rama III. The poem presents cosmological ideas that align with Buddhist principles. The findings reveal that Nirat Phu Khao Thong reflects Buddhist cosmological perspectives as follows: First, the impermanence of life (anicca): The descriptions of nature and the environment symbolize the transient and impermanent nature of existence. Second,liberation from samsara: The journey depicted in the poem represents transcending the cycle of samsaramand, moving toward enduring peace and happiness. Third, the cycle of samsara: It is not merely a repetitive cycle of birth, death, and rebirth, involving experiences of suffering, happiness, and change. Rather, attachment to the world signifies clinging to samsara, which perpetuates suffering and distances one from true happiness, which is Nirvana.