Development Learning Media Guidelines to Enhance Health Literacy About Tobacco Products Among Children and Youth in Formal Education and Non-Formal Education

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to: (1) investigate the level of health literacy about tobacco products among children and youth in formal education and non-formal education. (2) Compare the level of health literacy about tobacco products among children and youth in formal education and non-formal education. (3) Propose guidelines for the development of learning media to promote health literacy about tobacco products among children and youth in formal and non-formal education. This research used a descriptive research method, which divided the research into two steps. Step 1: Quantitative data collection: the sample for this study was children and youth in Bangkok who were under the care of formal education (n = 466) and non-formal education (n = 489). A multistage sampling technique was used. A questionnaire was used as the research instrument. Step 2: Qualitative data collection: this step involved the development and preparation of guidelines for the development of learning media. The target group for this study was 20 experts or specialists. A purposive sampling was used. A focus group discussion was used as the data collection tool. As for statistical analysis, the following statistical methods were used: percentages, standard deviations, t-tests, and content analysis.

The research found that the overall health literacy about tobacco products among children and youth in formal education was at a very good level (85.37%). The overall health literacy about tobacco products among children and youth in non-formal education was also at a very good level (81.50%). A comparison of the health literacy about tobacco products between the two groups of samples found that there was a statistically significant difference at .01. As such, the guidelines for the development of learning media to promote health literacy about tobacco products among children and youth in formal and non-formal education include the following considerations: on the objective aspects, it must be defined to be able to develop the level of health literacy. On the content aspects, the content of the media itself should focus on developing communication skills. The development of the media may use an in-house development format or use an existing format. The media to be developed should be consistent with media usage behavior. Media evaluation should assess the content and experiences that are conveyed. The development of learning media should take into account learning goals, and the media developer must understand the nature of children and youth.