The Influence of the Doctrine of Loving-kindness on Dhamma Gīta in Mahayana Buddhism

Abstract

This article aims to investigate the influence of loving-kindness on Dharma-Gita in Mahayana Buddhism, employing a documentary research methodology based on relevant literature and prior studies. The findings reveal that Dharma-Gita in Mahayana Buddhism plays a pivotal role in stabilizing the mind within wholesome states (kusala-dharma), thereby fostering and sustaining the presence of loving-kindness. These musical expressions manifest through sutra recitation, Dharanis, and vocal meditations intended to radiate compassion toward all sentient beings. Both traditions share a commonality in utilizing rhythm, melody, intonation, and sacred rhetoric to direct the mind toward virtue, reduce unwholesome resistance, and enhance the continuity of meditative practice. In terms of ideological divergence, Theravada emphasizes loving-kindness as a 'Divine Abiding' (Brahmavihara) for mental purification and as a foundation for insight meditation (vipassana). Conversely, Mahayana emphasizes the compassion of Bodhicitta, prioritizing the liberation of all beings. Nevertheless, Dharma-Gita serves as a meditative bridge connecting concentration, wholesome emotions, and practical application in daily life. This integration renders the cultivation of loving-kindness more tangible and consistent, leading to a sustainable transformation in psychological well-being and behavioral patterns.