An Approach to Theory Building from Phenomenology in Social Science
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Abstract
Understanding phenomenology depends on human subjectivity to provide a deeper understanding of social phenomena. Phenomenology is a qualitative research method that focuses on exploring the lived experiences of individuals within a specific context within the realm of the social sciences. This method allows researchers to delve deeper into meanings and subjective interpretations referring to social reality. Phenomenology facilitates the creation of theories that capture the essence of human experience by focusing on the first-person perspective. This results in a comprehensive understanding of social phenomena. The objective of this article is to present an approach to theory building based on social science phenomenology, which is carried out by studying and analyzing relevant academic documents. The results of the study revealed that the theory-building process approach from phenomenology consists of (1) Selection of Phenomenon, (2) Literature Review, (3) Choice of Phenomenological Approach, (4) Recruitment and Sampling, (5) Data Collection, (6) Transcription and Data Analysis, (7) Coding and Categorization, (8) Identification of Commonalities and Differences, (9) Theoretical Reflection and Abstraction, (10) Constructing a Preliminary Theory, (11) Member Checking, (12) Refinement and Iteration, (13) Contextualization and Generalization, and (14) Documentation and Reporting.
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