เปรียบเทียบระบบสาธารณสุขของแคนาดาในการรับมือโรคระบาดระหว่างไข้หวัดใหญ่ H1N1 และ COVID-19
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การเกิดขึ้นของโรคระบาดส่งผลสำคัญต่อระบบสาธารณสุขของประเทศแคนาดาในฐานะที่เป็นสถาบันหนึ่งที่คงอยู่มาอย่างยาวนาน อีกทั้งยังเป็นปัจจัยสำคัญที่เข้ามาสั่นคลอนความมีเสถียรภาพของระบบสาธาณสุขซึ่งหยั่งรากลึกเชิงโครงสร้างมาจนถึงปัจจุบัน ส่งผลให้สถาบันดังกล่าวต้องเผชิญกับความเปลี่ยนแปลงเพื่อรับมือกับโรคระบาดที่เกิดขึ้น โดยการเปลี่ยนแปลงที่เกิดขึ้นภายในระบบสาธารณสุขของแคนาดาเป็นการเปลี่ยนแปลงแบบค่อยเป็นค่อยไป ซึ่งเน้นไปที่การเปลี่ยนแปลงเชิงนโยบายเพื่อเตรียมพร้อมตอบสนองต่อภาวะฉุกเฉิน โดยเรียกการเปลี่ยนแปลงดังกล่าวว่า “การเปลี่ยนแปลงแบบเบี่ยงเบน (Institutional Drift)” การเปลี่ยนแปลงเช่นนี้สะท้อนให้เห็นว่าระบบสาธารณสุขของประเทศแคนาดาไม่มีความพร้อมในการรับมือกับโรคระบาดมาตั้งแต่ต้น และทำได้เพียงรับมือสถานการณ์แบบเฉพาะหน้าเท่านั้น บทความนี้ทำการศึกษาระบบสาธารณสุขของประเทศแคนาดาผ่านกรอบทฤษฎีเส้นทางการพัฒนาของสถาบัน (Path dependence) และการเปลี่ยนแปลงเชิงสถาบัน (Institutional change) โดยมีการเปรียบเทียบการรับมือกับโรคระบาด 2 โรค ในช่วงเวลาที่ต่างกันระหว่างโรคไข้หวัดใหญ่สายพันธุ์ใหม่ชนิดเอ (H1N1) และโรค ติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา (COVID-19)
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References
Path Dependence, Critical Juncture, Institutional Drift, Public Health Agency of Canada, Pandemic
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