The Relation between Knowledge and Power on Death in Socrates and Thomas Hobbes’s Political Philosophy
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Abstract
Death is natural for human being, but the fears of death is not. Human wisdom had invented an idea about death. Since the birth of idea that fearing of death bring upon us, concerning with human life were obsessed and overcame by the fear of death. The idea and knowledge of death have related and inextricable from the power of state, ruler, spiritual leader such as prophet and priest. There can rule and control through rituals, norms, customs and socio-politic institutions.
State and rulers as monopoly of death which have an enormous power over people life and death. Especially, for the people who defying acts, disobedience or behave against peace, law and order of society and state. In the history of political philosophy the death of Socrates, the man who tried to proof, critique and challenge the belief and power was convicted to death. However, Socrates’death was not futile. His death was reflected and also contributed to the knowledge about dying and giving birth to the knowledge of political philosophy.
The rises of modern nation-state almost totally consolidated and legitimate the power of the state and ruler over life and death of their people. ‘Leviathan’ as the master pieces of Thomas Hobbes and in political philosophy have authorized the power of the ‘sovereignty’ as the highest power over the life and death of multitude absolutely. The aims of state and its sovereign power was legitimized for protecting a life of people from violent and sudden death which in the state of nature.
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References
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