Assumption of Garuda with Crystal Ball Origin in Thep Chumnum Mural Painting in the Rattanakosin Period

Abstract

This article aimed to present the assumption of the origin of Garuda with crystal ball in the Thep Chumnum mural painting in the Rattanakosin period. It was assumed that the image of Garuda with crystal ball came from "Phaya Sadaya with ring in mouth" by the painter using the image of Garuda to represent Nok Sadayu, son of Phaya Garuda. The image of gemstone was a picture of the straight face of the ring setting that Nang Sita wore. Supporting evidence found was the picture of a normal Garuda pearl pattern and a Garuda with crystal ball, holding a ring on the door panel of the Ubosot, Wat Borom Phuttharam in Ayutthaya province. For the assumption that Duangkaew Manee was Manee Nagasawat or Manee Grutthikan that the Naga vomited before death was a less plausible assumption and no evidence has been found to support it.