Developing Design Thinking Skills for Entrepreneurship through the ACTMARR Process in Primary Education
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Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop design thinking skills to promote entrepreneurial skills in second year students at Prince Royal's College through the application of the ACTMARR process, which comprises of seven structured steps. The research integrates a detailed learning plan with six progressive lessons, each containing carefully designed activities that encourage students to explore creative product design. These activities are tailored to help students respond to specific user needs within in given scenarios and to improve their problem-solving skills in practical contexts. The evaluation of this study used an analysis of the students’ design thinking skills and focusing on their ability to apply the ACTMARR process in designing products that meet user expectations. The results show that students demonstrated competency in implementing this process, particularly in problem identification and needs assessment, which scored highest (M=2.50, S.D.=0.70). Students effectively linked design concepts to real-world problem solving and presented innovative and appropriate solutions. In addition, the study highlights that the ACTMARR-based activities significantly contributed to improving students’ design thinking skills and understanding of the stages of product development. This research illustrates the successful integration of the ACTMARR framework into primary education to promote key design and entrepreneurship skills.
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