Emotional Intelligence of Generation Z in the Digital Era: A Dual-Impact Analysis on Learning and Work Performance in the 21st Century

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the impact of the digital era on the emotional intelligence of Thai Generation Z and examine its relationship with learning and working behaviors in the twenty-first century. The study employed a literature review by synthesizing and analyzing relevant Thai and international research. The findings indicated that the digital era has both positive and negative impacts on the emotional intelligence of Thai Generation Z. On the negative side, the digital environment contributes to reduced face-to-face communication skills, increased social comparison through social media, excessive screen time, and a rising trend of mental health problems. Conversely, Thai Generation Z demonstrates a high overall level of emotional intelligence, particularly in the effective use of emotions for constructive purposes. They also exhibit strong capabilities in utilizing digital technology for learning, establishing supportive social networks, and adapting effectively to emerging technologies. Furthermore, family, educational institutions, and community environments play significant roles in fostering emotional intelligence and social competence. Emotional support from families, the appropriate integration of technology into educational practices, and opportunities for real-life social interaction contribute to the development of balanced emotional and social skills. The study recommends the implementation of integrated policies, including curriculum reform that incorporates Social-Emotional Learning (SEL), capacity building for teachers and parents in digital parenting, strengthening cybersecurity standards, enhancing mental health support systems, and promoting collaboration among relevant agencies. In addition, future research should focus on longitudinal studies, the development of emotional intelligence assessment tools suitable for digital contexts, and culturally appropriate intervention programs for Thai society. Achieving an appropriate balance between the effective use of digital technology and the development of emotional and social competencies is essential for promoting sustainable human resource development in Thailand in the twenty-first century.