Academic Administration in the 21st Century Based on the Four Iddhipāda Principles of School Administrators under the Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 1

Abstract

This research aimed to: 1) study the state of academic administration in the 21^st century based on the Four Iddhipāda (Iddhipāda 4) principles of school administrators under the Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 1; 2) propose guidelines for academic administration in the 21st century based on the Four Iddhipāda principles for school administrators under the Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area Office 1. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative research. The sample group includes 252 participants, comprising school administrators, deputy administrators, and department heads. Statistical methods used include frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. The qualitative research data was collected through interviews with 12 key informants, selected through purposive sampling to ensure validity and reliability. The research results were as follows: 1. The state of academic administration in the 21^st century based on the Four Iddhipāda principles among school administrators shows that the highest average practice was observed in: Chanda (zeal or desire); Citta (thoughtful attention); Vīmaṁsā (investigation) and Viriya (perseverance). 2. Guidelines for academic administration in the 21st century based on the Four Iddhipāda principles suggest that school administrators should: (1) enhance satisfaction with practices and establish clear guidelines for developing assessment and evaluation tools; (2) maintain perseverance in supervising, monitoring, and continuously evaluating the implementation of teachers' curricula; (3) exhibit attentiveness by requiring teachers to submit their learning management plans regularly; (4) understand and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the curriculum to ensure its alignment with the evolving needs of society.