The Development of Summary Writing Skills Using Citta Bhāvanā for Grade 7 Students at Khok Si Phitthayasap School, Khon Kaen Province

Abstract

This research aimed to (1) develop lesson plans on summary writing based on the principles of Citta Bhāvanā to achieve the efficiency criterion of 80/80, (2) compare students’ learning achievement in summary writing before and after the implementation of the lesson plans, and (3) examine students’ satisfaction with the learning management. The sample consisted of 12 Grade 7 students from Khok Si Pittayasapp School, Khon Kaen Province. The research instruments included: (1) lesson plans on summary writing based on the principles of Citta Bhāvanā, (2) a summary writing achievement test, and (3) a student satisfaction questionnaire. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation (S.D.), and the dependent samples t-test. The results revealed that: (1) the lesson plans achieved a process efficiency (E1) of 82.67 and an outcome efficiency (E2) of 83.89, exceeding the established criterion of 80/80; (2) students’ post-test achievement in summary writing was significantly higher than their pre-test achievement at the .05 level of statistical significance, with a pre-test mean score of 17.30 (S.D. = 10.15) and a post-test mean score of 25.20 (S.D. = 2.98); and (3) the overall level of students’ satisfaction with the learning management was high (x̄ = 4.47). Among the evaluated aspects, instructional media and learning materials received the highest mean score (x̄ = 4.53), followed by measurement and evaluation (x̄ = 4.52), learning activities (x̄ = 4.44), and learning content (x̄ = 4.38).